Selected publications

1. Menting JG, Yang Y, Chan SJ, Phillips NB, Smith BJ, Whittaker J, Wickramasinghe NP, Whittaker LJ, Pandyarajan V, Wan ZL, Yadav SP, Carroll JM, Strokes N, Roberts CT, Jr., Ismail-Beigi F, Milewski W, Steiner DF, Chauhan VS, Ward CW, Weiss MA, Lawrence MC. Protective hinge in insulin opens to enable its receptor engagement. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Aug 4;111(33):E3395-404. PMID: 25092300.
2. Ward CW, Menting JG, Lawrence MC. The insulin receptor changes conformation in unforeseen ways on ligand binding: Sharpening the picture of insulin receptor activation. Bioessays. 2013 Aug 28;35(11):945-54. PMID: 24037759.
3. Menting JG, Whittaker J, Margetts MB, Whittaker LJ, Kong GKW, Smith BJ, Watson CJ, Zakova L, Kletvikova E, Jiracek J, Chan SJ, Steiner DF, Dodson GG, Brzozowski AM, Weiss MA, Ward CW, Lawrence MC. How insulin engages its primary binding site on the insulin receptor. Nature. 2013;493(7431):241-5. PMID: 23302862
4. Whittaker J, Whittaker LJ, Roberts CT, Phillips NB, Ismail-Beigi F, Lawrence MC, Weiss MA. α-Helical element at the hormone-binding surface of the insulin receptor functions as a signaling element to activate its tyrosine kinase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 June 26, 2012;109:11166-71. PMID: 22736795
5. Ward CW, Lawrence MC. Similar but different: ligand-induced activation of the insulin and epidermal growth factor receptor families. Current Opinion in Structural Biology. 2012 Apr 19;22(3):360-6. PMID: 22521506.
6. Ward CW, Lawrence MC. Landmarks in insulin research. Frontiers in Endocrinology. 2011;2:Article 76, 1-11 PMID: 22654826
7. Smith BJ, Huang K, Kong G, Chan SJ, Nakagawa S, Menting JG, Hu S-Q, Whittaker J, Steiner DF, Katsoyannis PG, Ward CW, Weiss MA, Lawrence MC. Structural resolution of a tandem hormone-binding element in the insulin receptor and its implications for design of peptide agonists. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 April 13, 2010;107(15):6771-6. PMID: 20348418
8. Whitten AE, Smith BJ, Menting JG, Margetts MB, McKern NM, Lovrecz GO, Adams TE, Richards K, Bentley JD, Trewhella J, Ward CW, Lawrence MC. Solution Structure of Ectodomains of the Insulin Receptor Family: The Ectodomain of the Type 1 Insulin-Like Growth Factor Receptor Displays Asymmetry of Ligand Binding Accompanied by Limited Conformational Change. J Mol Biol. 2009 Oct 14;394(5):878-92. PMID: 19835884.
9. Ward CW, Lawrence MC. Ligand-induced activation of the insulin receptor: a multi-step process involving structural changes in both the ligand and the receptor. Bioessays. 2009 Apr;31(4):422-34. PMID: 19274663.
10. Menting JG, Ward CW, Margetts MB, Lawrence MC. A Thermodynamic Study of Ligand Binding to the First Three Domains of the Human Insulin Receptor: Relationship between the Receptor α-Chain C-Terminal Peptide and the Site 1 Insulin Mimetic Peptides. Biochemistry. 2009 May 21;48(23):5492-500. PMID: 19459609.